stonkbuilderCOMMUNITY Neuralink Research Hub
Independent Research Notice: Independent StonkBuilder Community research publication. Not affiliated with, operated by, or endorsed by Neuralink Corp. or PreStocks. Neuralink devices are investigational and have not received FDA marketing authorization. Nothing here is medical, legal, or financial advice. PreStocks tokens are not Neuralink shares, confer no shareholder rights, and are unavailable to U.S. persons and residents of prohibited jurisdictions.

An independent guide by StonkBuilder · Sources checked 30 Oct 2026

Neuralink, beyond the headlines

Neuralink is building a brain implant to help people with paralysis use computers and communicate. Here, you can see how it works, watch participants use it, and read what the trials have shown so far. There are still open questions about surgery, long-term reliability, and who might benefit.

New to Neuralink? Start here Watch the official videos → Read A Closer Look → NEURALINK PreStocks guide →
1,024Electrodes on 64 threadsN1 intracortical implant architecture · neuralink.com/technology
21Trial participants disclosedEnrolled across clinical studies as of 28 Jan 2026 · Two Years of Telepathy
11.32 BPSPeak cursor throughputCompany-reported single-participant cursor control record (2025/2026)
75 WPMFirst-week VOICE speech rateCompany-reported 5.8% word error rate in one speech trial participant
44Official YouTube uploads41 embeddable + 3 owner-restricted, each with an original research article

Start here

Get to know Neuralink

Start with how the implant works, then read about the trials and the risks. If you came here for PreStocks, the last guide explains the token and what holding it means.

01 · The basics

How does a brain implant control a computer?

Follow a brain signal from the implant to the software that moves a cursor.

Read the guide →02 · The hardware

The implant and the robot that places it

Meet the N1 implant, its thin electrode threads, and the R1 surgical robot.

Read the guide →03 · The trials

What are PRIME, CONVOY, and VOICE testing?

See what each study is designed to find out, and how to read the reported results.

Read the guide →04 · The risks

What happens after the surgery?

Read about surgical risks, signal loss, privacy, and the support an implanted device needs.

Read the guide →05 · What comes next

What might Neuralink make possible?

Look at the next research questions, including vision, alongside what has been tested so far.

Read the guide →06 · PreStocks

What is the NEURALINK token?

Understand who can use it, the fees and risks, and why it does not give you Neuralink shares.

Read the guide →

How it works

An implant, a surgical robot, and an app

The R1 robot places thin electrode threads in the brain. The N1 implant records electrical signals and sends them wirelessly to software that turns them into commands. The diagram below follows that path.

System Architecture · Primary Technical Disclosure How the N1 implant, R1 surgical robot, and Neuralink App fit together
01 · R1 SURGICAL ROBOT Micron-scale insertion • Optical vessel avoidance • Laser-milled needle • ~1.5s per thread cycle • Transdural milestone 64 flexible threads Placed into target cortex 02 · N1 IMPLANT (IN SKULL) 1,024 recording channels • 16 electrodes × 64 threads • Custom low-power ASICs • On-chip spike detection • Inductive battery charging Hermetically sealed Flush beneath scalp; wireless 03 · NEURAL DECODER Real-time ML inference • Spikes + LFP band power • >50,000 hrs pretraining • Velocity & click mapping • Streaming phoneme synthesis Closed-loop calibration Adapts with participant use 04 · CLINICAL OUTPUTS Trial endpoints • PRIME: Cursor (11.32 BPS) • VOICE: Speech (75 WPM) • CONVOY: Robotic arm • Mobility: Wheelchair UI 21 participants Disclosed 28 Jan 2026
Cortical interface 64 threads · 1,024 electrodes

Ultra-flexible polymer threads move with the brain rather than anchoring to the rigid skull.

Surgical automation R1 robot + OCT imaging

Places each thread around surface vasculature; achieved first clinical transdural insertion in Jun 2026.

Investigational boundary IDE clinical trials only

All outputs are evaluated under regulated clinical protocols (PRIME, CONVOY, VOICE) and are not FDA-approved for sale.

Building speech tools with a trial participant

Poster illustration for An Engineering Sprint For Speech Restoration | Neuralink
Official @neuralink Video 29 Oct 2026 · 4:39 Tier 1 · Human Trial (VOICE)
An Engineering Sprint For Speech Restoration | Neuralink

Click to load the privacy-enhanced youtube-nocookie.com player. No third-party cookies or requests are sent until you press play.

Watch on YouTube ↗ Read video analysis →
Source: Neuralink (@neuralink) · Channel UCLt4d8cACHzrVvAz9gtaARA · Video emi5O7LeiyU · Checked 30 Oct 2026 Direct YouTube link ↗Read video analysis →

Published 29 October 2026: Neuralink engineers spend 72 hours in a VOICE trial participant's home building real-time speech tools.

A closer look at the surgery

Poster illustration for Our First Transdural Procedure | Neuralink
Official @neuralink Livestream 30 Jun 2026 · 5:11 Tier 1 · Clinical Surgical Milestone
Our First Transdural Procedure | Neuralink

Click to load the privacy-enhanced youtube-nocookie.com player. No third-party cookies or requests are sent until you press play.

Watch on YouTube ↗ Read video analysis →
Source: Neuralink (@neuralink) · Channel UCLt4d8cACHzrVvAz9gtaARA · Video F8p2MamNBgE · Checked 30 Oct 2026 Direct YouTube link ↗Read video analysis →

Published 30 June 2026: Inserting N1 electrode threads straight through the intact dura mater at UHN Toronto Western Hospital.

The evidence

What the trials have shown so far

A video can show what one participant can do. It cannot tell us how well an implant will work for everyone, or how long it will last. Here is what each type of evidence tells us.

Clinical & Investigational Portfolio · Checked 30 Oct 2026 Separating PRIME, CONVOY, VOICE, and Blindsight by registry status and neural direction
PRIME · NCT06429735 Telepathy (Cursor) • Direction: Read (motor cortex) • Stage: Active human trial • Launched: 2023 (1st implant Jan '24) • Record: 11.32 BPS cursor control CONVOY STUDY Robotic Arm & Mobility • Direction: Read (motor cortex) • Stage: Active feasibility study • Launched: Nov 2024 • Demos: Arm (Oct '25), Chair (Jul '26) VOICE · NCT07224256 Speech Restoration • Direction: Read (speech motor) • Stage: Active human trial • Demos: Mar–Oct 2026 • Record: 75 WPM (5.8% WER, wk 1) BLINDSIGHT PROGRAM Cortical Vision (V1) • Direction: Write (microstimulation) • Stage: Preclinical / Breakthrough • FDA designation: Sep 2024 • Human data: None published yet
Neuralink evidence · Sources checked 30 Oct 2026
Type of evidenceWhat the sources showWhat this does not establish
Demonstrated in human trial participantsCompany-reported demonstrations & video records (2024–2026)Wireless 2D cursor control, web browsing, CAD design, gaming, digital painting (Audrey), handwriting signature decoding, assistive robotic arm control (CONVOY / Nick), early cursor-driven wheelchair steering (Jul 2026), and real-time brain-to-voice synthesis in a participant's own voice profile (VOICE / Kenneth & Terry, Mar–Oct 2026).Individual participant demonstrations in early feasibility studies; outcomes vary across participants and do not establish general clinical efficacy or FDA marketing approval.
Active clinical study objectivesRegistered early feasibility protocols (NCT06429735, NCT07224256, CONVOY)Evaluate primary safety (serious device- and procedure-related adverse events) and preliminary functional feasibility of the N1 Implant and R1 Robot for computer control (PRIME), external robotic devices (CONVOY), and communication restoration (VOICE), alongside surgical workflow improvements such as transdural thread insertion (Toronto Western Hospital, Jun 2026).Permission to run an Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) clinical trial allows structured human testing; it is not commercial clearance.
Peer-reviewed & scientific contextPublished neuroprosthesis literature (Nature & Nature Neuroscience, 2025)Independent academic BCI studies in Nature and Nature Neuroscience (2025) demonstrated instantaneous and streaming brain-to-voice synthesis using intracortical and high-density arrays, establishing peer-reviewed benchmarks for low-latency neural speech decoding that inform the broader field.Peer-reviewed academic results from other research groups validate the neuroscientific principle but are separate from Neuralink's proprietary N1/VOICE clinical dataset.
Separate investigational & future aspirationsPreclinical R&D & long-term company roadmap (Summer/Fall 2025 updates)Blindsight cortical visual prosthesis (received FDA Breakthrough Device designation in Sep 2024; preclinical NHP testing shown in Jun 2025), multi-implant spinal cord/motor reanimation concepts, and higher-channel next-generation implants.Breakthrough Device designation expedites FDA regulatory dialogue; human vision restoration, spinal cord bridging, and consumer enhancement remain unproven aspirations requiring separate clinical trials.

Keep reading

Pick a question

Learn about the hardware, speech research, or safety questions. Each guide includes diagrams, official videos, and links to its sources.

Technology, trials, and open questions

Technology · Research Explainer

How Neuralink works

Learn how Neuralink's 1,024-electrode N1 implant, R1 surgical robot and real-time neural decoders translate brain signals into cursor and speech commands.

Read the guide →Technology · Research Explainer

N1 implant & R1 robot

Technical breakdown of Neuralink's 1,024-channel N1 implant, R1 neurosurgical robot, femtosecond laser needles and the June 2026 transdural procedure.

Read the guide →Clinical Programs · Research Explainer

Telepathy & cursor control

Explore how Neuralink PRIME study participants use Telepathy for wireless cursor control, CAD design, digital painting, gaming and handwriting decoding.

Read the guide →Clinical Programs · Research Explainer

PRIME, CONVOY & VOICE trials

Compare Neuralink's human clinical trials—PRIME, CONVOY and VOICE—including ClinicalTrials.gov IDs, eligibility, 21 enrolled participants and endpoints.

Read the guide →Clinical Programs · Research Explainer

Speech restoration (VOICE)

How Neuralink's VOICE clinical trial (NCT07224256) decodes speech-motor cortex activity into real-time text and personalized voice synthesis at up to 75 WPM.

Read the guide →Clinical Programs · Research Explainer

Robotic arms & wheelchairs

How Neuralink's CONVOY study and Telepathy interfaces let participants control assistive robotic arms and steer powered wheelchairs with neural signals.

Read the guide →Clinical Programs · Research Explainer

Blindsight vision research

What is Neuralink's Blindsight? Learn how V1 visual cortex microstimulation works, what FDA Breakthrough Device status means, and current preclinical limits.

Read the guide →Analysis & Context · Research Explainer

Safety, privacy & ethics

Objective analysis of Neuralink's clinical and ethical questions: surgical risks, thread retraction, biocompatibility, neural privacy and explant support.

Read the guide →Analysis & Context · Research Explainer

Neuralink vs other BCIs

Compare Neuralink's flexible intracortical threads against rigid Utah arrays, cortical surface ECoG grids, endovascular stents (Synchron) and non-invasive EEG.

Read the guide →Analysis & Context · Research Explainer

Verified timeline (2019–2026)

Complete primary-source chronology of Neuralink from its 2019 launch and 2021 MindPong to FDA IDE clearance, 21 human participants and 2026 VOICE speech trials.

Read the guide →Analysis & Context · Research Explainer

Future possibilities

An evidence-graded guide to Neuralink's future possibilities: what works in human trials today, plausible extensions, Blindsight vision R&D, and speculation.

Read the guide →

Practical guides

Step-by-Step Tutorial · 5 steps

How to follow official updates

Step-by-step guide to tracking official Neuralink updates across neuralink.com, ClinicalTrials.gov and @neuralink YouTube while filtering out fake claims.

Open step-by-step guide →Step-by-Step Tutorial · 5 steps

How to check clinical trials

Step-by-step tutorial on how to review Neuralink's PRIME, CONVOY and VOICE clinical trials, read ClinicalTrials.gov records and verify the Patient Registry.

Open step-by-step guide →Step-by-Step Tutorial · 6 steps

How to access NEURALINK PreStocks

Step-by-step guide for eligible non-U.S. users to verify PreStocks' NEURALINK Solana token (PrekqL…bw9S), check transfer fees and understand non-equity risks.

Open step-by-step guide →

From Neuralink’s YouTube channel

Watch Neuralink’s updates

Browse 44 videos, Shorts, and livestreams from the official @neuralink channel, catalogued on 30 Oct 2026. Each has a written guide. Three open on YouTube because on-page playback is disabled.

Browse the video library →

A Closer Look · 16 slides

Neuralink: A Closer Look

A short presentation on the implant, the people testing it, and the questions still ahead. It also explains the separate PreStocks token. Read it here or save a copy.

Slide 01Neuralink: A Closer LookIndependent StonkBuilder Research · Cutoff 30 Oct 2026Slide 02Helping people use computers and communicateClinical Background · Primary Medical ScopeSlide 03The three parts of the Neuralink systemHardware Architecture · Verified DisclosuresSlide 04From a brain signal to a computer commandSignal Processing & ML · Demonstrated PipelineSlide 05The implant and the surgeryHardware & Surgical Engineering · Clinical MilestoneSlide 06Key moments from 2019 to 2026Dated Primary Records · 2019–2026
Read A Closer Look → Download PowerPoint Download PDF

About the PreStocks token

Neuralink exposure through PreStocks (NEURALINK)

Open prestocks.com/neuralink ↗ Step-by-step verification guide → Neuralink stock & IPO explainer →

Eligible users can access Neuralink-related economic exposure through PreStocks' NEURALINK token on Solana. The token is issued by PreStocks and is not a Neuralink share. Review the provider's current eligibility rules, fees and terms before proceeding.

Verified PreStocks NEURALINK specification & valuation context (checked 30 Oct 2026)
AttributeVerified recordWhat to know
Product & symbolNeuralink PreStocks · NEURALINKIssued by PreStocks; not affiliated with or endorsed by Neuralink Corp.
Solana Token-2022 mintPrekqLJvJ3qVdXmBGDiexvwUTF4rLFDa6HWS4HJbw9S Verify on Solscan ↗ · Inspect on Jupiter ↗
Shareholder rightsNone (0% equity, voting or dividend rights)Holding NEURALINK is not owning Neuralink Corp. shares.
Jurisdiction eligibilityNon-U.S. users only (36 jurisdictions barred)Review PreStocks Terms of Service ↗ before proceeding.
Token-2022 transfer fee & controls1% (100 bps, epoch 1050) on 30 Oct 2026; 3% (300 bps) on 30 Sep 2026Authority WV9PJN7X…Fti5Wc holds mint, freeze, pause & permanent delegate extensions.
Valuation comparison$650M Series E at a reported $9B pre-money valuation (2 Jun 2025)Compare against PreStocks API mark ($62.93B provider mark ($330.37 mark price) in API snapshot (30 Oct 2026, not an executable quote)) and secondary snapshot ($83.78B implied by $439.81 secondary token price on 2,594.98 supply (30 Oct 2026 snapshot)). Never treat snapshots as executable quotes.
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Plain-English Definitions

A few useful terms

Action potential (spike)
A brief electrical pulse fired by an individual neuron when it communicates; intracortical electrodes placed close to neurons can detect these millisecond events.
BCI (Brain–Computer Interface)
A system that records neural signals from the brain, decodes the user's intention in software, and translates it into commands for an external device—or stimulates brain tissue to deliver sensory input.
Bits per second (BPS)
A standard information-theory measure of cursor-control throughput that combines movement speed and target accuracy, penalized for missed clicks.
Blindsight
Neuralink's investigational visual prosthesis program designed to stimulate the primary visual cortex (V1) directly; granted FDA Breakthrough Device designation in September 2024.
Breakthrough Device Designation
An FDA program for medical devices targeting life-threatening or irreversibly debilitating conditions that speeds regulatory feedback; it is not marketing approval.
CONVOY Study
Neuralink's feasibility trial evaluating whether participants with an N1 implant can control an investigational Assistive Robotic Arm (ARA) and physical mobility aids.
Dura mater & transdural insertion
The tough outer membrane protecting the brain. A traditional durotomy cuts the dura open; Neuralink's June 2026 transdural procedure inserted electrode threads directly through the intact dura.
IDE (Investigational Device Exemption)
Regulatory permission from the U.S. FDA allowing an unapproved medical device to be used in a supervised human clinical study to collect safety and effectiveness data.
Local Field Potential (LFP)
The combined electrical rhythm of a local group of neurons around an electrode, useful even when single-neuron spikes fade or shift.
N1 Implant
Neuralink's coin-sized, hermetically sealed wireless intracortical implant containing 1,024 electrodes across 64 ultra-flexible polymer threads.
PRIME Study (NCT06429735)
Precise Robotically Implanted Brain-Computer Interface: Neuralink's early feasibility trial evaluating N1/R1 safety and wireless computer control (Telepathy) in quadriplegia.
R1 Surgical Robot
Neuralink's custom neurosurgical robot that uses micron-scale optical imaging and laser-milled needles to insert the N1 implant's 64 flexible threads while avoiding blood vessels.
Token-2022 transfer fee
A rule built directly into a Solana Token-2022 mint (such as PreStocks' NEURALINK token) that automatically withholds a percentage of every token transfer, including swaps.
VOICE Study (NCT07224256)
Neuralink's early feasibility clinical trial testing direct neural decoding of intended speech to restore real-time text and voice communication.

Frequently Asked Questions

Questions people ask

Is Neuralink FDA-approved or available to buy as a consumer product?

No. Every Neuralink device—including the N1 implant, the R1 surgical robot, and Blindsight—is investigational and has not received FDA marketing authorization. Access is limited to eligible volunteers enrolled in regulated clinical trials (such as PRIME, CONVOY, and VOICE) through Neuralink's Patient Registry.

How many people have received a Neuralink implant?

In its official update 'Two Years of Telepathy' published on 28 January 2026, Neuralink reported that 21 participants ('Neuralnauts') had been enrolled across its clinical trials. Because enrollment continues over time, treat 21 as a dated January 2026 company disclosure rather than a static permanent total.

What is the difference between Telepathy, PRIME, CONVOY, VOICE, and Blindsight?

Telepathy is the product name for Neuralink's motor-decoding system that lets paralyzed users control computers and phones. PRIME (NCT06429735) is the foundational clinical trial testing N1/R1 safety and computer control. CONVOY tests controlling an assistive robotic arm. VOICE (NCT07224256) tests decoding intended speech into real-time text and natural voice. Blindsight is a separate preclinical/investigational program aiming to stimulate the visual cortex for blindness.

Does Neuralink cure paralysis, ALS, or blindness?

No. Neuralink's motor and speech interfaces read cortical signals and route them wirelessly to external computers, voice synthesizers, or robotic aids. That bypasses damaged nerves to restore digital or assistive autonomy, but it does not biologically repair a severed spinal cord or stop ALS motor-neuron degeneration.

Is Neuralink a public stock, and what is the NEURALINK token on PreStocks?

Neuralink Corp. is a private company with no public stock ticker or announced IPO date; its last announced funding round was a $650 million Series E in June 2025 at a reported $9 billion pre-money valuation. NEURALINK (mint PrekqLJvJ3qVdXmBGDiexvwUTF4rLFDa6HWS4HJbw9S) is a Solana Token-2022 instrument issued by PreStocks that tracks private-market exposure via SPVs. It is not a Neuralink share, confers no voting or ownership rights, and is unavailable to U.S. persons.

Why do three official Neuralink YouTube videos open on YouTube instead of playing inside an embedded iframe?

Of the 44 verified public uploads on the official @neuralink channel (UCLt4d8cACHzrVvAz9gtaARA), 41 allow standard third-party embedding via youtube-nocookie.com. Three uploads—the 2019 Launch Event (r-vbh3t7WVI) and two April 2026 Shorts (9uqKeAJoD90 and kO6iakLQN0Y)—have external embedding disabled by the video owner (returning HTTP 401 on YouTube oEmbed). We document those three exceptions transparently and link directly to their official YouTube watch pages.

How do I verify the official NEURALINK PreStocks contract address on Solana?

Always check the full 44-character Token-2022 mint address (PrekqLJvJ3qVdXmBGDiexvwUTF4rLFDa6HWS4HJbw9S) on Solscan and cross-reference it against prestocks.com/neuralink before connecting a wallet. Anyone can create a lookalike token named NEURALINK on Solana.

Is this community operated or endorsed by Neuralink?

No. StonkBuilder Community is an independent educational library. We have no affiliation with Neuralink Corp. or PreStocks, and nothing on this site is medical or financial advice.

Sources checked 30 Oct 2026

Sources and official records

  1. [1] Neuralink: Official website and investigational device notice · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  2. [2] Neuralink: Approach & Technology (N1 Implant, R1 Robot, Neuralink App) · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  3. [3] Neuralink: Clinical Trials and Patient Registry · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  4. [4] Neuralink: Speech Restoration (VOICE study overview) · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  5. [5] Neuralink: Official Updates & Engineering Blog · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  6. [6] Neuralink: Two Years of Telepathy (28 Jan 2026) · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  7. [7] Neuralink: CONVOY Study Launch (assistive robotic arm control) · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  8. [8] Neuralink: Breakthrough Device Designation for Blindsight · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  9. [9] Neuralink: PRIME Study Brochure (PDF) · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  10. [10] Neuralink: Official YouTube Channel (@neuralink, UCLt4d8cACHzrVvAz9gtaARA) · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  11. [11] Neuralink: Official LinkedIn company announcements · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  12. [12] ClinicalTrials.gov: The PRIME Study (NCT06429735) · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  13. [13] ClinicalTrials.gov: The VOICE Study for Communication Restoration (NCT07224256) · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  14. [14] Barrow Neurological Institute: PRIME Study Clinical Trial Information · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  15. [15] U.S. FDA: Breakthrough Devices Program guidance · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  16. [16] U.S. FDA: Regulatory overview for neurological medical devices · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  17. [17] U.S. FDA: Implanted Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) Devices for Patients with Paralysis or Amputation · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  18. [18] Nature (2025): An instantaneous voice-synthesis neuroprosthesis · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  19. [19] Nature Neuroscience (2025): A streaming brain-to-voice neuroprosthesis · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  20. [20] SiliconANGLE (2 Jun 2025): Elon Musk’s Neuralink raises $650M in Series E funding at $9B pre-money valuation · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  21. [21] PreStocks: Neuralink (NEURALINK) official company page · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  22. [22] PreStocks: Official product identity API (/api/prestocks) · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  23. [23] PreStocks: Homepage and product structure disclosures · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  24. [24] PreStocks: Frequently Asked Questions (rights, fees, IPO conversion) · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  25. [25] PreStocks: Terms of Service (eligibility and prohibited jurisdictions) · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  26. [26] Solscan: Neuralink PreStocks (NEURALINK) Token-2022 mint PrekqLJvJ3qVdXmBGDiexvwUTF4rLFDa6HWS4HJbw9S · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  27. [27] Jupiter: NEURALINK token page (PrekqLJvJ3qVdXmBGDiexvwUTF4rLFDa6HWS4HJbw9S) · Verified 30 Oct 2026
  28. [28] SEC EDGAR: Company search for Neuralink Corp. · Verified 30 Oct 2026